Derivatives of Exponential and Logarithm Functions — Question 3

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Question 3

Let f(x)=xxf(x) = x^{x} for x>0x > 0.

  • (a) Use logarithmic differentiation to find f′(x)f'(x).

  • (b) Evaluate f′(x)f'(x) at x=2x = 2.

Original worksheet page 1: question and worked solution for 3-6-003
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Question 3 - Solution

We are given: f(x)=xx,x>0f(x) = x^{x}, \quad x > 0

(a) Logarithmic Differentiation

Take natural log on both sides: ln⁡(f(x))=ln⁡(xx)=xln⁡(x)\ln(f(x)) = \ln(x^x) = x \ln(x)

Differentiate both sides implicitly: 1f(x)⋅f′(x)=ddx[xln⁡(x)]\frac{1}{f(x)} \cdot f'(x) = \frac{d}{dx}[x \ln(x)]

Differentiate the right-hand side using product rule: ddx[xln⁡(x)]=ln⁡(x)+1\frac{d}{dx}[x \ln(x)] = \ln(x) + 1

So: 1f(x)⋅f′(x)=ln⁡(x)+1⇒f′(x)=f(x)⋅(ln⁡(x)+1)\frac{1}{f(x)} \cdot f'(x) = \ln(x) + 1 \Rightarrow f'(x) = f(x) \cdot (\ln(x) + 1)

Recall f(x)=xxf(x) = x^x, so: f′(x)=xx(ln⁡(x)+1)\boxed{f'(x) = x^x(\ln(x) + 1)}

(b) Evaluate at x=2x = 2: f′(2)=22(ln⁡(2)+1)=4(ln⁡(2)+1)f'(2) = 2^2(\ln(2) + 1) = 4(\ln(2) + 1)

Exact Answer: f′(2)=4(ln⁡(2)+1)\boxed{f'(2) = 4(\ln(2) + 1)}

Original worksheet page 2: question and worked solution for 3-6-003

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