Summation Notation — Question 7

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Question 7

Prove that for any positive integer nn, ∑k=1n1k(k+1)=nn+1.\sum_{k=1}^{n} \frac{1}{k(k+1)} = \frac{n}{n+1}.

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Question 7 - Solution

Begin by rewriting the general term using partial fractions.

For each k≥1k\ge 1, 1k(k+1)=1k−1k+1.\frac{1}{k(k+1)} = \frac{1}{k}-\frac{1}{k+1}.

Substitute this into the sum: ∑k=1n1k(k+1)=∑k=1n(1k−1k+1).\sum_{k=1}^{n} \frac{1}{k(k+1)} = \sum_{k=1}^{n}\left(\frac{1}{k}-\frac{1}{k+1}\right).

Write out the first few terms: (1−12)+(12−13)+(13−14)+⋯+(1n−1n+1).\left(1-\frac{1}{2}\right) + \left(\frac{1}{2}-\frac{1}{3}\right) + \left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{4}\right) +\cdots+ \left(\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{n+1}\right).

All intermediate terms cancel, leaving 1−1n+1.1-\frac{1}{n+1}.

Simplify: 1−1n+1=nn+1.1-\frac{1}{n+1} = \frac{n}{n+1}.

∑k=1n1k(k+1)=nn+1\boxed{\sum_{k=1}^{n} \frac{1}{k(k+1)}=\frac{n}{n+1}}

Original worksheet page 2: question and worked solution for 7-8-007

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