Partial Fractions — Question 3

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Question 3

Decompose into partial fractions. Include every power of (x−1)(x-1): 2x+3x(x−1)2.\frac{2x+3}{x(x-1)^2}. Do not integrate.

Original worksheet page 1: question and worked solution for 1-4-003
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Question 3 – Solution

Step 1: Include a term for every factor and repeated power. 2x+3x(x−1)2=Ax+Bx−1+C(x−1)2.\frac{2x+3}{x(x-1)^2} =\frac{A}{x}+\frac{B}{x-1}+\frac{C}{(x-1)^2}. Step 2: Clear the denominators. 2x+3=A(x−1)2+Bx(x−1)+Cx.2x+3=A(x-1)^2+Bx(x-1)+Cx. Step 3: Find AA and CC. x=0:3=A(−1)2⇒A=3,x=1:5=C(1)⇒C=5.\begin{align*} x=0:&\quad 3=A(-1)^2 \Longrightarrow A=3,\\ x=1:&\quad 5=C(1) \Longrightarrow C=5. \end{align*} Step 4: Find BB by using x=2x=2. 7=3(1)2+B(2)(1)+5(2)=3+2B+10,−6=2B⇒B=−3.\begin{align*} 7&=3(1)^2+B(2)(1)+5(2)\\ &=3+2B+10,\\ -6&=2B \Longrightarrow B=-3. \end{align*} Step 5: State the result. 2x+3x(x−1)2=3x−3x−1+5(x−1)2,\boxed{\displaystyle \frac{2x+3}{x(x-1)^2}=\frac3x-\frac3{x-1}+\frac5{(x-1)^2}}, and the requested coefficients are A=3,B=−3,C=5.\boxed{A=3,\qquad B=-3,\qquad C=5}.

Original worksheet page 2: question and worked solution for 1-4-003

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