Comparison Test for Improper Integrals — Question 2

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Question 2

Use limit comparison to determine convergence: ∫1∞3x2+1x4−2x+5dx.\int_1^\infty\frac{3x^2+1}{x^4-2x+5}\,dx.

Original worksheet page 1: question and worked solution for 1-9-002
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Question 2 – Solution

Step 1: Choose a comparison. The dominant powers give 3x2x4=3x2,\frac{3x^2}{x^4}=\frac3{x^2}, so use g(x)=1/x2g(x)=1/x^2.

Step 2: Compute the limit ratio. L=limx→∞(3x2+1)/(x4−2x+5)1/x2=limx→∞3x4+x2x4−2x+5=limx→∞3+1/x21−2/x3+5/x4=3.\begin{align*} L&=\lim_{x\to\infty} \frac{(3x^2+1)/(x^4-2x+5)}{1/x^2}\\ &=\lim_{x\to\infty}\frac{3x^4+x^2}{x^4-2x+5}\\ &=\lim_{x\to\infty} \frac{3+1/x^2}{1-2/x^3+5/x^4}=3. \end{align*} Step 3: Apply limit comparison. Since 0<L<∞0<L<\infty and ∫1∞x−2dx\int_1^\infty x^{-2}\,dx converges, the original integral converges. converges\boxed{\text{converges}}

Original worksheet page 2: question and worked solution for 1-9-002

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