Vector Arithmetic — Question 8

PDF ↗

Question 8

Prove using components that the midpoint of points with position vectors a→\vec a and b→\vec b has position vector (a→+b→)/2(\vec a+\vec b)/2.

Original worksheet page 1: question and worked solution for 5-2-008
Show solutionHide solution

Question 8 – Solution

Write every vector in matching component order. Perform scalar multiplication before addition or subtraction, then interpret the resulting components in the context of the problem.

See the diagram in the original worksheet below.

Write a→=⟨a1,a2,a3⟩\vec a=\langle a_1,a_2,a_3\rangle and b→=⟨b1,b2,b3⟩\vec b=\langle b_1,b_2,b_3\rangle.

Their average is 12(a→+b→)=⟨a1+b12,a2+b22,a3+b32⟩\frac12(\vec a+\vec b)=\left\langle\frac{a_1+b_1}{2},\frac{a_2+b_2}{2},\frac{a_3+b_3}{2}\right\rangle.

Each coordinate is the ordinary midpoint of the corresponding coordinates, so this is exactly the midpoint position vector. Proved\boxed{\text{Proved}}

The result follows from the defining vector formulas used above, and each component, magnitude, or scalar condition has been checked against the information in the question.

Vector equations behave like ordinary algebra provided that every operation is performed component by component. A final component check is often the fastest verification.

Original worksheet page 2: question and worked solution for 5-2-008

Original worksheet layout. Use Enlarge or open the PDF for a closer view.